![]() German Empire German Empire era Totenkopf The Brunswick corps was eventually incorporated into the Prussian Army in 1866. After fighting their way through Germany, the Black Brunswickers entered British service and fought with them in the Peninsular War and at the Battle of Waterloo. Both hussar cavalry and infantry in the force wore a Totenkopf badge, either in mourning for the duke's father, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who had been killed at the Battle of Jena–Auerstedt in 1806, or according to some sources, as a sign of revenge against the French. The Brunswick corps was provided with black uniforms, giving rise to their nickname, the Black Brunswickers. In 1809, during the War of the Fifth Coalition, Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel raised a force of volunteers to fight Napoleon Bonaparte, who had conquered the Duke's lands. Brunswick Totenkopf badge worn by the Brunswick Leibbataillon ("Life-Guard Battalion") at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 The Totenkopf remained a part of the uniform when the regiment was reformed into Leib-Husaren Regiments Nr.1 and Nr.2 in 1808. It adopted a black uniform with a Totenkopf emblazoned on the front of its mirlitons and wore it on the field in the War of Austrian Succession and in the Seven Years' War. Use of the Totenkopf as a military emblem began under Frederick the Great, who formed a regiment of Hussar cavalry in the Prussian army commanded by Colonel von Ruesch, the Husaren-Regiment Nr. 5 (von Ruesch) in 1744 with the Totenkopf on the mirliton (Ger. German military Prussia Hussar from Husaren-Regiment Nr. The symbol continues to be used by modern navies. In early modern sea warfare, buccaneers used the Totenkopf as a pirate flag: a skull or other skeletal parts as a death threat and as a demand to hand over a ship. ![]() In English, the term Totenkopf is commonly associated with 19th- and 20th-century German military use, particularly in Nazi Germany. The human skull is an internationally used symbol for death, the defiance of death, danger, or the dead, as well as piracy or toxicity. In some cases, other human skeletal parts may be added, often including two crossed long bones ( femurs) depicted below or behind the skull. The word is often used to denote a figurative, graphic or sculptural symbol, common in Western culture, consisting of the representation of a human skull- usually frontal, more rarely in profile with or without the mandible. skull, literally "dead person's head") is the German word for skull. ![]()
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